Apparatuses for bonding semiconductor chips

ABSTRACT

An apparatus for bonding semiconductor chips may comprise transfer rails configured to transfer substrates, loading members configured to load the substrates onto the transfer rails, unloading members configured to unload the substrates from the transfer rails, a first wafer supply unit configured to supply a first wafer including semiconductor chips, and/or a bonding unit configured to bond the semiconductor chips to the substrates. An apparatus for bonding semiconductor chips may comprise a transfer rail configured to transfer substrates, loading members configured to load the substrates onto the transfer rail, unloading members configured to unload the substrates from the transfer rail, a buffer member at a side of the transfer rail configured to temporarily receive the substrates loaded by the loading members, a first wafer supply unit configured to supply a first wafer including semiconductor chips, and/or a bonding unit configured to bond the semiconductor chips to the substrates.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION(S)

This application claims priority from Korean Patent Application No.10-2011-0141130, filed on Dec. 23, 2011, in the Korean IntellectualProperty Office (KIPO), the entire contents of which are incorporatedherein by reference.

BACKGROUND

1. Field

Example embodiments may relate to apparatuses for bonding semiconductorchips. Example embodiments also may relate apparatuses for bondingsemiconductor chips on substrates such as printed circuit boards and/orlead frames.

2. Description of Related Art

Generally, semiconductor devices may be manufactured through afabrication (FAB) process forming a pattern according to characteristicsof the semiconductor devices on a wafer, an electric die sorting (EDS)process testing electrical characteristics of the pattern formed on thewafer, and a packaging process manufacturing individual chips from thewafer. A die bonding process of the packaging process means a processthat divides the wafer into dies and bonds the divided die on asubstrate such as a lead frame or a printed circuit board.

SUMMARY

Some example embodiments may provide apparatuses for bondingsemiconductor chips capable of improving productivity of die bondingprocesses.

In some example embodiments, an apparatus for bonding semiconductorchips may comprise transfer rails configured to transfer substrates,loading members configured to load the substrates onto the transferrails, unloading members configured to unload the substrates from thetransfer rails, a first wafer supply unit configured to supply a firstwafer including first semiconductor chips, and/or a bonding unitconfigured to bond the first semiconductor chips to the substrates.

In some example embodiments, each of the loading members and each of theunloading members may make a pair. Each pair may be adjacent to an endof the transfer rails.

In some example embodiments, each of the loading members may be adjacentto a first end of the transfer rails. Each of the unloading members maybe adjacent to a second end of the transfer rails.

In some example embodiments, the loading members may be configured toload different kinds of the substrates onto the transfer rails. Thefirst semiconductor chips may be classified according to characteristicsof the first semiconductor chips. The bonding unit may be furtherconfigured to bond the classified first semiconductor chips to thedifferent kinds of the substrates.

In some example embodiments, the loading members may be furtherconfigured to load a same kind of the substrates onto the transferrails. When the bonding unit bonds the first semiconductor chips to thesubstrates loaded on a first one of the transfer rails, the substrateloaded on a second one of the transfer rails may be standing by ready.

In some example embodiments, the apparatus may further comprise a secondwafer supply unit configured to supplying a second wafer includingsecond semiconductor chips. The loading members may be furtherconfigured to load a same kind of the substrates onto the transferrails. The bonding unit may be further configured to stack the firstsemiconductor chips and the second semiconductor chips on thesubstrates.

In some example embodiments, the apparatus may further comprise a secondwafer supply unit configured to supplying a second wafer includingsecond semiconductor chips. The loading members may be furtherconfigured to load different kinds of the substrates onto the transferrails. The first semiconductor chips may be classified according tocharacteristics of the first semiconductor chips. The bonding unit maybe further configured to bond the classified first semiconductor chipsto the different kinds of the substrates, and then the bonding unit maybe further configured to bond the second semiconductor chips to thefirst semiconductor chips.

In some example embodiments, an apparatus for bonding semiconductorchips may comprise a transfer rail configured to transfer substrates,loading members configured to load the substrates onto the transferrail, unloading members configured to unload the substrates from thetransfer rail, a buffer member at a side of the transfer rail, thebuffer member configured to temporarily receive the substrates loaded bythe loading members, a first wafer supply unit configured to supply afirst wafer including first semiconductor chips, and/or a bonding unitconfigured to bond the first semiconductor chips to the substrates.

In some example embodiments, the loading members may be adjacent to afirst end of the transfer rail. The unloading members may be adjacent toa second end of the transfer rail.

In some example embodiments, the loading members may be configured toload different kinds of the substrates onto the transfer rail. The firstsemiconductor chips may be classified according to characteristics ofthe first semiconductor chips. When the bonding unit bonds one of theclassified first semiconductor chips to a first kind of the substrates,the buffer member may be further configured to temporarily receive asecond kind of the substrates.

In some example embodiments, the apparatus may further comprise a secondwafer supply unit configured to supply a second wafer including secondsemiconductor chips. The loading members may be further configured toload a same kind of the substrates onto the transfer rail. The bondingunit may be further configured to stack the first semiconductor chipsand the second semiconductor chips on the substrates.

In some example embodiments, an apparatus for bonding semiconductorchips may comprise a first transfer rail configured to transfer a firstsubstrate, a first loading member configured to load the first substrateonto the first transfer rail, a first unloading member configured tounload the first substrate from the first transfer rail, a secondtransfer rail configured to transfer a second substrate, a secondloading member configured to load the second substrate onto the secondtransfer rail, a second unloading member configured to unload the secondsubstrate from the second transfer rail, a first wafer supply unitconfigured to supply a first wafer including first semiconductor chips,and/or a bonding unit configured to bond the first semiconductor chipsto the first substrate and the second substrate.

In some example embodiments, the first transfer rail and the secondtransfer rail may be arranged in a line. The first loading member andthe first unloading member may make a pair on an opposite side of thesecond transfer rail with the first transfer rail as a center. Thesecond loading member and the second unloading member may make a pair onan opposite side of the first transfer rail with the second transferrail as a center.

In some example embodiments, the first transfer rail and the secondtransfer rail may be parallel to each other. The first loading membermay be adjacent to a first end of the first transfer rail. The firstunloading member may be adjacent to a second end of the first transferrail. The second loading member may be adjacent to a first end of thesecond transfer rail. The second unloading member may be adjacent to asecond end of the second transfer rail.

In some example embodiments, the apparatus may further comprise a secondwafer supply unit configured to supply a second wafer including secondsemiconductor chips. The bonding unit may be further configured to bondthe second semiconductor chips to the first semiconductor chips.

In some example embodiments, an apparatus for bonding semiconductorchips may comprise first and second transfer rails configured totransfer substrates, a first loading member configured to load thesubstrates onto the first transfer rail, a second loading memberconfigured to load the substrates onto the second transfer rail, a firstunloading member configured to unload the substrates from the firsttransfer rail, a second unloading member configured to unload thesubstrates from the second transfer rail, a first wafer supply unitconfigured to supply a first wafer including first semiconductor chips,and/or a bonding unit configured to bond the first semiconductor chipsto the substrates.

In some example embodiments, the first transfer rail and the secondtransfer rail may be in line with each other.

In some example embodiments, the first loading member and the firstunloading member may be near a same end of the first transfer rail.

In some example embodiments, the second loading member and the secondunloading member may be near a same end of the second transfer rail.

In some example embodiments, the first transfer rail and the secondtransfer rail may be parallel to each other.

In some example embodiments, the first loading member and the firstunloading member may be near opposite ends of the first transfer rail.

In some example embodiments, the second loading member and the secondunloading member may be near opposite ends of the second transfer rail.

In some example embodiments, the apparatus may further comprise a secondwafer supply unit configured to supply a second wafer including secondsemiconductor chips. The bonding unit may be further configured to bondthe second semiconductor chips to the first semiconductor chips.

In some example embodiments, the apparatus may further comprise a secondwafer supply unit configured to supply a second wafer including secondsemiconductor chips. The bonding unit may be further configured to stackthe first semiconductor chips and the second semiconductor chips on thesubstrates.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The above and/or other aspects and advantages will become more apparentand more readily appreciated from the following detailed description ofexample embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanyingdrawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a plan view illustrating an apparatus for bonding asemiconductor chip according to some example embodiments;

FIG. 2 is a plan view illustrating an apparatus for bonding asemiconductor chip according to some example embodiments;

FIG. 3 is a plan view illustrating an apparatus for bonding asemiconductor chip according to some example embodiments;

FIG. 4 is a plan view illustrating an apparatus for bonding asemiconductor chip according to some example embodiments;

FIG. 5 is a plan view illustrating an apparatus for bonding asemiconductor chip according to some example embodiments; and

FIG. 6 is a plan view illustrating an apparatus for bonding asemiconductor chip according to some example embodiments.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference tothe accompanying drawings. Embodiments, however, may be embodied in manydifferent forms and should not be construed as being limited to theembodiments set forth herein. Rather, these example embodiments areprovided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and willfully convey the scope to those skilled in the art. In the drawings, thethicknesses of layers and regions may be exaggerated for clarity.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being “on,”“connected to,” “electrically connected to,” or “coupled to” to anothercomponent, it may be directly on, connected to, electrically connectedto, or coupled to the other component or intervening components may bepresent. In contrast, when a component is referred to as being “directlyon,” “directly connected to,” “directly electrically connected to,” or“directly coupled to” another component, there are no interveningcomponents present. As used herein, the term “and/or” includes any andall combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

It will be understood that although the terms first, second, third,etc., may be used herein to describe various elements, components,regions, layers, and/or sections, these elements, components, regions,layers, and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. Theseterms are only used to distinguish one element, component, region,layer, and/or section from another element, component, region, layer,and/or section. For example, a first element, component, region, layer,and/or section could be termed a second element, component, region,layer, and/or section without departing from the teachings of exampleembodiments.

Spatially relative terms, such as “beneath,” “below,” “lower,” “above,”“upper,” and the like may be used herein for ease of description todescribe the relationship of one component and/or feature to anothercomponent and/or feature, or other component(s) and/or feature(s), asillustrated in the drawings. It will be understood that the spatiallyrelative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of thedevice in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted inthe figures.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particularexample embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exampleembodiments. As used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” areintended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearlyindicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms“comprises,” “comprising,” “includes,” and/or “including,” when used inthis specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers,steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude thepresence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps,operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.

Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientificterms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by oneof ordinary skill in the art to which example embodiments belong. Itwill be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonlyused dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that isconsistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art andshould not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unlessexpressly so defined herein.

Reference will now be made to example embodiments, which are illustratedin the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals may referto like components throughout.

First Embodiment

FIG. 1 is a plan view illustrating an apparatus 100 for bonding asemiconductor chip according to some example embodiments. Referring toFIG. 1, an apparatus 100 for bonding a semiconductor chip includes firstand second transfer rails 110 a and 110 b, first and second loadingmembers 120 a and 120 b, first and second unloading members 130 a and130 b, a first wafer supply unit 140, and first and second bonding units150 a and 150 b.

Longitudinal directions of the first and second transfer rails 110 a and110 b are parallel to a first direction I. The first and second transferrails 110 a and 110 b may be arranged along the first direction I and bespaced apart from each other. First and second shuttles 112 a and 112 b,on which first and second substrates P1 and P2 are set, may be providedto the first and second transfer rails 110 a and 110 b, respectively.The first and second shuttles 112 a and 112 b may be linearly moved inthe first direction I or a direction opposite to the first direction Iby first and second transfer grippers 114 a and 114 b respectivelydisposed on the first and second transfer rails 110 a and 110 b.

The first loading member 120 a loads the first substrate P1 on the firsttransfer rail 110 a, and the first unloading member 130 a unloads thefirst substrate P1 from the first transfer rail 110 a. The first loadingmember 120 a and the first unloading member 130 a may make a pair and bedisposed at a side of the first transfer rail 110 a. For example, thefirst loading member 120 a and the first unloading member 130 a may bedisposed on the opposite side of the second transfer rail 110 b with thefirst transfer rail 110 a as the center. And the first loading member120 a and the first unloading member 130 a may be spaced apart from eachother in a second direction II perpendicular to the first direction I.

The first loading member 120 a includes a first supply container 122 aand a first loader 124 a. The first supply container 122 a receives thefirst substrates P1. Semiconductor chips will be bonded on the firstsubstrate P1. The first loader 124 a sequentially loads the firstsubstrates P1 from the first supply container 122 a onto the firsttransfer rail 110 a. The first unloading member 130 a includes a firstreceiving container 132 a and a first unloader 134 a. The firstreceiving container 132 a receives the first substrates P1 on which thesemiconductor chips are bonded. The first unloader 134 a unloads thefirst substrates P1 having the bonded semiconductor chips from the firsttransfer rail 110 a and then the first unloader 134 a loads the firstsubstrate P1 having the bonded semiconductor chips into the firstreceiving container 132 a.

The second loading member 120 b loads the second substrate P2 on thesecond transfer rail 110 b, and the second unloading member 130 bunloads the second substrate P2 from the second transfer rail 110 b. Thesecond loading member 120 b and the second unloading member 130 b maymake a pair and be disposed at a side of the second transfer rail 110 b.For example, the second loading member 120 b and the second unloadingmember 130 b may be disposed on the opposite side of the first transferrail 110 a with the second transfer rail 110 b as the center. Elementsof the second loading member 120 b and the second unloading member 130 bmay be the same as the elements of the first loading member 120 a andthe first unloading member 130 a. Thus, detailed descriptions of thesecond loading member 120 b and the second unloading member 130 b willbe omitted. Here, a reference numeral 122 b is a second supplycontainer, a reference numeral 124 b is a second loader, a referencenumeral 132 b is a second receiving container, and a reference numeral134 b is a second unloader in FIG. 1.

The first wafer supply unit 140 supplies a wafer W includingsemiconductor chips C. The first wafer supply unit 140 may include afirst wafer cassette 142, a transfer robot 144, and a first tapeexpander 146. The first wafer cassette 142 may be set on a cassettesupporter (not shown). The wafer W is received inside the first wafercassette 142. The wafer W may be a wafer on which a FAB process, an EDSprocess, a back grinding process, and a sawing process may be performed.In other words, an ultraviolet tape for dicing may be bonded to abackside of the wafer W. An edge of the wafer W may be supported by awafer ring R. The transfer robot 144 may withdraw the wafer W from thefirst wafer cassette 142 and then the transfer robot 144 may dispose thewafer on the first tape expander 146. For easily picking up thesemiconductor chip C disposed on the wafer W, the first tape expander146 may expand the wafer ring R in order to extend the ultraviolet tapefor dicing.

The first bonding unit 150 a bonds the semiconductor chips C to thefirst substrates P1. The first bonding unit 150 a may include a firstadhesive supplier 152 a and a first die bonding tool 154 a. The firstadhesive supplier 152 a and the first die bonding tool 154 a may bedisposed at a side of the first transfer rail in a line. The firstadhesive supplier 152 a supplies an adhesive to the first substrates P1transferred by the first transfer rail 110 a. The adhesive may be aconductive liquid adhesive such as silver-epoxy and/or silver-glass. Thefirst die bonding tool 154 a picks up the semiconductor chip C from thewafer W disposed on the first tape expander 146 and moves thesemiconductor chip C onto the adhesive on the first substrate P1. Andthen the first die bonding tool 154 a supplies pressure to thesemiconductor chip C on the adhesive on the first substrate P1 so as tobond the semiconductor chip C to the first substrate P1. In the presentembodiment, the semiconductor chips C may be bonded to the firstsubstrate P1 by the adhesive. However, example embodiments are notlimited thereto. In other embodiments, the semiconductor chips C may bebonded to the first substrates P1 by an adhesive tape.

The second bonding unit 150 b bonds the semiconductor chips C to thesecond substrates P2 transferred by the second transfer rail 110 b.Elements of the second bonding unit 150 b may be the same as theelements of the first bonding unit 150 a. Thus, detailed descriptionsfor the elements of the second bonding unit 150 b will be omitted. Here,a reference numeral 152 b is a second adhesive supplier and a referencenumeral 154 b is a second die bonding tool in FIG. 1.

As described above, the first wafer supply unit 140 supplies the wafer Won which an electrical characteristic test (e.g. the EDS process) isperformed. When the EDS process is performed, the semiconductor chips onthe wafer W are classified into failed semiconductor chips and goodsemiconductor chips. Additionally, the good semiconductor chips may beclassified into grades different from each other according to the testedelectrical characteristics.

The apparatus for bonding the semiconductor chip according to someexample embodiments may classify the good semiconductor chips accordingto the tested grades and bond the classified good semiconductor chips tosubstrates different from each other, respectively. This will bedescribed in more detail. For the purpose of ease and convenience inexplanation, the good semiconductor chips C may be classified into firstchips BIN1 and second chips BIN2 according to the tested electricalcharacteristics.

The first loader 124 a loads the first substrates P1 loaded in the firstsupply container 122 a onto the first shuttle 112 a disposed on thefirst transfer rail 110 a. The second loader 124 b loads the secondsubstrates P2 loaded in the second supply container 122 b onto thesecond shuttle 112 b disposed on the second transfer rail 110 b.

The first adhesive supplier 152 a supplies the adhesive to the firstsubstrates P1 loaded on the first shuttle 112 a. The second adhesivesupplier 152 b supplies the adhesive to the second substrates P2 loadedon the second shuttle 112 b.

The first transfer gripper 114 a moves the first shuttle 112 a on thefirst transfer rail 110 a in the first direction I. The second transfergripper 114 b moves the second shuttle 112 b on the second transfer rail110 b in the direction opposite to the first direction I.

The first die bonding tool 154 a picks up the first chips BIN1 from thewafer W and moves the first chips BIN1 onto the adhesive on the firstsubstrate P1. And then the first die bonding tool 154 a suppliespressure to the first chips BIN1 on the adhesive on the first substratesP1 so as to bond the first chips BIN1 to the first substrates P1. Thesecond die bonding tool 154 b picks up the second chips BIN2 from thewafer W and moves the second chips BIN2 onto the adhesive on the secondsubstrates P2. And then the second die bonding tool 154 b suppliespressure to the second chips BIN2 on the adhesive on the secondsubstrates P2 so as to bond the second chips BIN2 to the secondsubstrates P2.

Subsequently, the first transfer gripper 114 a moves the first shuttle112 a in the direction opposite to the first direction I. The secondtransfer gripper 114 b moves the second shuttle 112 b in the firstdirection I.

The first unloader 134 a unloads the first substrates P1 having thebonded first chips BIN1 from the first transfer rail 110 a and thenloads the first substrate P1 into the first receiving container 132 a.The second unloader 134 b unloads the second substrates P2 having thebonded second chips BIN2 from the second transfer rail 110 b and thenloads the second substrate P2 into the second receiving container 132 b.

The first chips BIN1 bonded to the first substrates P1 and the secondchips BIN2 bonded to the second substrates P2 may be formed intodifferent kinds of packages by a subsequent packaging process. Thedifferent kinds of packages may be applied suitably for uses thereof.

Second Embodiment

FIG. 2 is a plan view illustrating an apparatus 100′ for bonding asemiconductor chip according to some example embodiments. Hereinafter,for the purpose of the ease and convenience in explanation, thedescriptions of the same elements as the apparatus 100 illustrated inFIG. 1 will be omitted or mentioned briefly.

Referring to FIG. 2, the first wafer supply unit 140 supplies a firstwafer W1 including first semiconductor chips C1 and a second wafersupply unit 140′ supplies a second wafer W2 including secondsemiconductor chips C2.

The second wafer supply unit 140′ may include a second wafer cassette142′ and a second tape expander 146′. The second wafer cassette 142′ maybe set on a cassette supporter (not shown). The second wafer W2 isreceived inside the second wafer cassette 142′. The second wafer W2 maybe withdrawn from the second wafer cassette 142′ and then be set on thesecond tape expander 146′ by the transfer robot 144. For easily pickingup the second semiconductor chip C2 disposed on the second wafer W2, thesecond tape expander 146′ may expand a wafer ring R in order to extendan ultraviolet tape for dicing.

The apparatus 100′ for bonding the semiconductor chip may load the samekind of substrates P onto the first and second transfer rails 110 a and110 b and then the apparatus 100′ may stack the first semiconductorchips C1 and the second semiconductor chips C2 on the substrates P. Thiswill be described in more detail.

The first loader 124 a loads the substrates P disposed in the firstsupply container 122 a onto the first shuttle 112 a on the firsttransfer rail 110 a. The second loader 124 b loads the substrates Pdisposed in the second supply container 122 b onto the second shuttle112 b on the second transfer rail 110 b.

The first adhesive supplier 152 a supplies the adhesive to thesubstrates P loaded on the first shuttle 112 a. The second adhesivesuppler 152 b supplies the adhesive to the substrates P loaded on thesecond shuttle 112 b.

The first transfer gripper 114 a moves the first shuttle 112 a on thefirst transfer rail 110 a in the first direction I. The second transfergripper 114 b moves the second shuttle 112 b on the second transfer rail110 b in the direction opposite to the first direction I.

The first and second die bonding tools 154 a and 154 b pick up the firstsemiconductor chips C1 from the first wafer W1 and move the firstsemiconductor chips C1 onto the adhesive on the substrates P. And thenthe first and second die bonding tools 154 a and 154 b supply pressureto the first semiconductor chips C1 so as to bond the firstsemiconductor chips C1 to the substrates P.

The first transfer gripper 114 a moves the first shuttle 112 a on thefirst transfer rail 110 a in the direction opposite to the firstdirection I. The second transfer gripper 114 b moves the second shuttle112 b on the second transfer rail 110 b in the first direction I.

Subsequently, the first adhesive supplier 152 a supplies the adhesive tothe first semiconductor chips C1 on the substrates P loaded on the firstshuttle 112 a. The second adhesive supplier 152 b supplies the adhesiveto the first semiconductor chips C1 on the substrates P loaded on thesecond shuttle 112 b.

The first transfer gripper 114 a moves the first shuttle 112 a on thefirst transfer rail 110 a in the first direction I. The second transfergripper 114 b moves the second shuttle 112 b on the second transfer rail110 b in the direction opposite to the first direction I.

The first and second die bonding tools 154 a and 154 b pick up thesecond semiconductor chips C2 from the second wafer W2 and move thesecond semiconductor chips C2 onto the adhesive on the firstsemiconductor chips C1. And then the first and second die bonding tools154 a and 154 b supply pressure to the second semiconductor chips C2 onthe adhesive on the first semiconductor chips C1 so as to stack thesecond semiconductor chips C2 on the first semiconductor chips C1.

Subsequently, the first transfer gripper 114 a moves the first shuttle112 a in the direction opposite to the first direction I. The secondtransfer gripper 114 b moves the second shuttle 112 b in the firstdirection I.

The first unloader 134 a unloads the substrates P having the stackedfirst and second semiconductor chips C1 and C2 from the first transferrail 110 a and then the first unloader 134 a loads the substrates P intothe first receiving container 132 a. The second unloader 134 b unloadsthe substrates P having the stacked first and second semiconductor chipsC1 and C2 from the second transfer rail 110 b and then the secondunloader 134 b loads the substrates P into the second receivingcontainer 132 b.

Alternatively, the apparatus 100′ for bonding the semiconductor chip mayload different kinds of substrates onto the first and second transferrails 110 a and 110 b, respectively. Subsequently, the apparatus 100′may classify the first semiconductor chips C1 of the first wafer W1according to characteristics thereof. And then the apparatus 100′ maybond the classified first semiconductor chips C1 to the different kindsof the substrates, respectively. Subsequently, the apparatus 100′ maystack the second semiconductor chips C2 of the second wafer W2 on thefirst semiconductor chips C1 bonded to the substrates.

Third Embodiment

FIG. 3 is a plan view illustrating an apparatus 200 for bonding asemiconductor chip according to some example embodiments. Referring toFIG. 3, the apparatus 200 for bonding a semiconductor chip includesfirst and second transfer rails 210 a and 210 b, first and secondloading members 220 a and 220 b, first and second unloading members 230a and 230 b, a first wafer supply unit 240, and first and second bondingunits 250 a and 250 b.

Longitudinal directions of the first and second transfer rails 210 a and210 b are parallel to a first direction I. The first and second transferrails 210 a and 210 b may be parallel to each other and be spaced apartfrom each other in a second direction II perpendicular to the firstdirection I. First and second shuttles 212 a and 212 b on which firstand second substrates P1 and P2 are set may be provided to the first andsecond transfer rails 210 a and 210 b, respectively. The first andsecond shuttles 212 a and 212 b may be linearly moved in the firstdirection I by first and second transfer grippers 214 a and 214 brespectively disposed on the first and second transfer rails 210 a and210 b.

The first loading member 220 a is disposed to be adjacent to one end ofthe first transfer rail 210 a. The first loading member 220 a includes afirst supply container 222 a and a first loader 224 a. The first supplycontainer 222 a receives first substrates P1. Semiconductor chips willbe bonded on the first substrates P1. The first loader 224 asequentially loads the first substrates P1 from the first supplycontainer 222 a onto the first transfer rail 210 a. The first unloadingmember 230 a is disposed to be adjacent to another end of the firsttransfer rail 210 a. The first unloading member 230 a includes a firstreceiving container 232 a and a first unloader 234 a. The firstreceiving container 232 a receives the first substrates P1 on which thesemiconductor chips are bonded. The first unloader 234 a unloads thefirst substrates P1 having the bonded semiconductor chips from the firsttransfer rail 210 a and then the first unloader 234 a loads the firstsubstrate P1 having the bonded semiconductor chips into the firstreceiving container 232 a.

The second loading member 220 b is disposed to be adjacent to one end ofthe second transfer rail 210 b and loads second substrates P2 onto thesecond transfer rail 210 b. The second unloading member 230 b isdisposed to be adjacent to another end of the second transfer rail 210 band unloads the second substrates P2 from the second transfer rail 210b. Elements of the second loading member 220 b and the second unloadingmember 230 b may be substantially the same as the elements of the firstloading member 220 a and the first unloading member 230 a. Thus,detailed descriptions of the second loading member 220 b and the secondunloading member 230 b will be omitted. Here, a reference numeral 222 bis a second supply container, a reference numeral 224 b is a secondloader, a reference numeral 232 b is a second receiving container, and areference numeral 234 b is a second unloader in FIG. 3.

The first wafer supply unit 240 supplies a wafer W includingsemiconductor chips C. The first wafer supply unit 240 may include afirst wafer cassette 242, a transfer robot 244, and a first tapeexpander 246. The first wafer cassette 242, the transfer robot 244, andthe first tape expander 246 may perform substantially the same functionsas the first wafer cassette 142, the transfer robot 144, and the firsttape expander 146 illustrated in FIG. 1, respectively. Thus, detaileddescriptions of the first wafer cassette 242, the transfer robot 244,and the first tape expander 246 will be omitted.

The first and second bonding units 250 a and 250 b may be disposedbetween the second transfer rail 210 b and the first wafer supply unit240. The first and second bonding units 250 a and 250 b may be arrangedin a line along the first direction I. The first bonding unit 250 abonds the semiconductor chips C to the first substrates P1. The firstbonding unit 250 a may include a first adhesive supplier 252 a and afirst die bonding tool 254 a. The second bonding unit 250 b bonds thesemiconductor chips C to the second substrate P2. The second bondingunit 250 b may include a second adhesive supplier 252 b and a second diebonding tool 254 b. The first and second adhesive suppliers 252 a and252 b and the first and second die bonding tools 254 a and 254 b mayperform substantially the same functions as the first and secondadhesive suppliers 152 a and 152 b and the first and second die bondingtools 154 a and 154 b of FIG. 1. Thus, detailed descriptions of thefirst and second adhesive suppliers 252 a and 252 b and the first andsecond die bonding tools 254 a and 254 b will be omitted. In the presentembodiment, the semiconductor chips may be bonded to the substratesusing the adhesive. However, example embodiments are not limitedthereto. In other example embodiments, for example, the semiconductorchips may be bonded to the substrates using an adhesive tape.

The apparatus 200 for bonding the semiconductor chip may classify goodsemiconductor chips according to tested grades and bond the classifiedgood semiconductor chips to substrates different from each other,respectively. For the purpose of ease and convenience in explanation,the good semiconductor chips C may be classified into first chips BIN1and second chips BIN2 according to the tested electricalcharacteristics.

The first loader 224 a loads the first substrates P1 loaded in the firstsupply container 222 a onto the first shuttle 212 a disposed on thefirst transfer rail 210 a. The second loader 224 b loads the secondsubstrates P2 loaded in the second supply container 222 b onto thesecond shuttle 212 b disposed on the second transfer rail 210 b. Thefirst transfer gripper 214 a moves the first shuttle 212 a on the firsttransfer rail 210 a in the first direction I in order to face the firstshuttle 212 a toward the first adhesive supplier 252 a. The secondtransfer gripper 214 b moves the second shuttle 212 b on the secondtransfer rail 210 b in the first direction I in order to face the secondshuttle 212 b toward the second adhesive supplier 252 b.

The first adhesive supplier 252 a supplies an adhesive to the firstsubstrates P1 loaded on the first shuttle 212 a. The second adhesivesupplier 252 b supplies an adhesive to the second substrates P2 loadedon the second shuttle 212 b.

The first transfer gripper 214 a moves the first shuttle 212 a on thefirst transfer rail 210 a in the first direction I in order to face thefirst shuttle 212 a toward the first die bonding tool 254 a. The secondtransfer gripper 214 b moves the second shuttle 212 b on the secondtransfer rail 210 b in the first direction I in order to face the secondshuttle 212 b toward the second die bonding tool 254 b.

The first die bonding tool 254 a picks up the first chips BIN1 from thewafer W and moves the first chips BIN1 onto the adhesive on the firstsubstrate P1. And then the first die bonding tool 254 a suppliespressure to the first chips BIN1 on the adhesive on the first substrateP1 so as to bond the first chips BIN1 to the first substrate P1. Thesecond die bonding tool 254 b picks up the second chips BIN2 from thewafer W and moves the second chips BIN2 onto the adhesive on the secondsubstrate P2. And then the second die bonding tool 254 b suppliespressure to the second chips BIN2 on the adhesive on the secondsubstrate P2 so as to bond the second chips BIN2 to the secondsubstrates P2.

Subsequently, the first transfer gripper 214 a moves the first shuttle212 a in the first direction I. The second transfer gripper 214 b movesthe second shuttle 212 b in the first direction I.

The first unloader 234 a unloads the first substrates P1 having thebonded first chips BIN1 from the first transfer rail 210 a and thenloads the first substrate P1 into the first receiving container 232 a.The second unloader 234 b unloads the second substrates P2 having thebonded second chips BIN2 from the second transfer rail 210 b and thenloads the second substrate P2 into the second receiving container 232 b.

Fourth Embodiment

FIG. 4 is a plan view illustrating an apparatus 200′ for bonding asemiconductor chip according to some example embodiments. Hereinafter,for the purpose of the ease and convenience in explanation, thedescriptions of the same elements as the apparatus 200 illustrated inFIG. 3 will be omitted or mentioned briefly.

Referring to FIG. 4, the first wafer supply unit 240 supplies a firstwafer W1 including first semiconductor chips C1 and a second wafersupply unit 240′ supplies a second wafer W2 including secondsemiconductor chips C2.

The second wafer supply unit 240′ may include a second wafer cassette242′ and a second tape expander 246′. The second wafer cassette 242′ maybe set on a cassette supporter (not shown). The second wafer W2 isreceived inside the second wafer cassette 242′. The second wafer W2 maybe withdrawn from the second wafer cassette 242′ and then be set on thesecond tape expander 246′ by the transfer robot 244. For easily pickingup the second semiconductor chip C2 disposed on the second wafer W2, thesecond tape expander 246′ may expand a wafer ring R in order to extendan ultraviolet tape for dicing.

The apparatus 200′ for bonding the semiconductor chip may load the samekind of substrates P onto the first and second transfer rails 210 a and210 b and then the apparatus 200′ may stack the first semiconductorchips C1 and the second semiconductor chips C2 on the substrates P. Thiswill be described in more detail.

The first loader 224 a loads the substrates P disposed in the firstsupply container 222 a onto the first shuttle 212 a on the firsttransfer rail 210 a. The second loader 224 b loads the substrates Pdisposed in the second supply container 222 b onto the second shuttle212 b on the second transfer rail 210 b. The first transfer gripper 214a moves the first shuttle 212 a on the first transfer rail 210 a in thefirst direction I in order to face the first shuttle 212 a toward thesecond adhesive supplier 252 b. The second transfer gripper 214 b movesthe second shuttle 212 b on the second transfer rail 210 b in the firstdirection I in order to face the second shuttle 212 b toward the secondadhesive supplier 252 b.

The second adhesive supplier 252 b supply the adhesive to the substratesP loaded on the first shuttle 212 a and the substrates P loaded on thesecond shuttle 212 b.

The second die bonding tool 254 b pick up the first semiconductor chipsC1 from the first wafer W1 and move the first semiconductor chips C1onto the adhesive on the substrates P loaded on the first and secondshuttles 212 a and 212 b. And then the second die bonding tool 254 bsupply pressure to the first semiconductor chips C1 so as to bond thefirst semiconductor chips C1 to the substrates P loaded on the first andsecond shuttles 212 a and 212 b.

Subsequently, the first transfer gripper 214 a moves the first shuttle212 a on the first transfer rail 210 a in the first direction I in orderto face the first shuttle 212 a toward the first adhesive supplier 252a. The second transfer gripper 214 b moves the second shuttle 212 b onthe second transfer rail 210 b in the first direction I in order to facethe second shuttle 212 b toward the first adhesive supplier 252 a.

The first adhesive supplier 252 a supplies the adhesive to the firstsemiconductor chips C1 on the substrates P loaded on the first shuttle212 a and the first semiconductor chips C1 on the substrates P loaded onthe second shuttle 212 b.

The first die bonding tool 254 a pick up the second semiconductor chipsC2 from the second wafer W2 and move the second semiconductor chips C2onto the adhesive on the first semiconductor chips C1 disposed on thefirst and second shuttles 212 a and 212 b. And then the first diebonding tool 254 a supply pressure to the second semiconductor chips C2so as to bond the second semiconductor chips C2 to the firstsemiconductor chips C1 disposed on the first and second shuttles 212 aand 212 b.

Subsequently, the first transfer gripper 214 a moves the first shuttle212 a in the first direction I and the second transfer gripper 214 bmoves the second shuttle 212 b in the first direction I.

The first unloader 234 a unloads the substrates P having the stackedfirst and second semiconductor chips C1 and C2 from the first transferrail 210 a and then the first unloader 234 a loads the substrates P intothe first receiving container 232 a. The second unloader 234 b unloadsthe substrates P having the stacked first and second semiconductor chipsC1 and C2 from the second transfer rail 210 b and then the secondunloader 234 b loads the substrates P into the second receivingcontainer 232 b.

Alternatively, the apparatus 200′ for bonding the semiconductor chip mayload different kinds of substrates onto the first and second transferrails 210 a and 210 b, respectively. Subsequently, the apparatus 200′may classify the first semiconductor chips C1 of the first wafer W1according to characteristics thereof. And then the apparatus 200′ maybond the classified first semiconductor chips C1 to the different kindsof the substrates, respectively. Subsequently, the apparatus 200′ maystack the second semiconductor chips C2 of the second wafer W2 on thefirst semiconductor chips C1 bonded to the substrates.

Fifth Embodiment

FIG. 5 is a plan view illustrating an apparatus 300 for bonding asemiconductor chip according to some example embodiments. Referring toFIG. 5, the apparatus 300 includes a transfer rail 310, first and secondloading members 320 a and 320 b, first and second unloading members 330a and 330 b, a first wafer supply unit 340, first and second bondingunits 350 a and 350 b, and a buffer member 360.

A longitudinal direction of the transfer rail 310 may be parallel to afirst direction I. A shuttle 312 on which first and second substrates P1and P2 are set may be provided to the transfer rail 310. The shuttle 312is linearly moved in the first direction I by a transfer gripper 314disposed on the transfer rail 310.

The first loading member 320 a and the second loading member 320 b maybe disposed to be adjacent to the front of the transfer rail 310. Thefirst loading member 320 a and the second loading member 320 b arespaced apart from each other in a second direction II perpendicular tothe first direction I. The first and second loading member 320 a and 320b may be disposed on a first transfer table 326. The first loadingmember 320 a or the second loading member 320 b may be aligned with thetransfer rail 310 by movement of the first transfer table 326 in thesecond direction II. The first loading member 320 a may load a firstsubstrate P1 onto the transfer rail 310 in the state that the firstloading member 320 a is aligned with the transfer rail 310. The secondloading member 320 b may load a second substrate P2 onto the transferrail 310 in the state that the second loading member 320 b is alignedwith the transfer rail 310.

The first loading member 320 a includes a first supply container 322 aand a first loader 324 a. The first supply container 322 a receives thefirst substrates P1. Semiconductor chips will be bonded on the firstsubstrates P1. The first loader 324 a loads the first substrates P1 fromthe first supply container 322 a onto the transfer rail 310. The secondloading member 320 b includes a second supply container 322 b and asecond loader 324 b. The second supply container 322 b receives thesecond substrates P2. Semiconductor chips will be bonded on the secondsubstrates P2. The second loader 324 b loads the second substrates P2from the second supply container 322 b onto the transfer rail 310.

The first unloading member 330 a and the second unloading member 330 bmay be disposed to be adjacent to the rear of the transfer rail 310. Thefirst unloading member 330 a and the second unloading member 330 b arespaced apart from each other in the second direction II. The first andsecond unloading members 330 a and 330 b may be disposed on a secondtransfer table 336. The first unloading member 330 a or the secondunloading member 330 b may be aligned with the transfer rail 310 bymovement of the second transfer table 336 in the second direction II.The first unloading member 330 a unloads the first substrate P1 from thetransfer rail 310 in the state that the first unloading member 330 a isaligned with the transfer rail 310. The second unloading member 330 bunloads the second substrate P2 from the transfer rail 310 in the statethat the second unloading member 330 b is aligned with the transfer rail310.

The first unloading member 330 a includes a first receiving container332 a and a first unloader 334 a. The first receiving container 332 areceives the first substrates P1 on which the semiconductor chips arebonded. The first unloader 334 a unloads the first substrates P1 havingthe bonded semiconductor chips from the transfer rail 310 and then thefirst unloader 334 a loads the first substrate P1 having the bondedsemiconductor chips into the first receiving container 332 a. The secondunloading member 330 b includes a second receiving container 332 b and asecond unloader 334 b. The second receiving container 332 b receives thesecond substrates P2 on which the semiconductor chips are bonded. Thesecond unloader 334 b unloads the second substrates P2 having the bondedsemiconductor chips from the transfer rail 310 and then the secondunloader 334 b loads the second substrate P2 having the bondedsemiconductor chips into the second receiving container 332 b.

The first wafer supply unit 340 supplies a wafer W includingsemiconductor chips C. The first wafer supply unit 340 may include afirst wafer cassette 342, a transfer robot 344, and a first tapeexpander 346. The first wafer cassette 342, the transfer robot 344, andthe first tape expander 346 may perform substantially the same functionsas the first wafer cassette 142, the transfer robot 144, and the firsttape expander 146 illustrated in FIG. 1, respectively. Thus, detaileddescriptions of the first wafer cassette 342, the transfer robot 344,and the first tape expander 346 will be omitted.

The first and second bonding units 350 a and 350 b may be disposedbetween the transfer rail 310 and the first wafer supply unit 340. Thefirst and second bonding units 350 a and 350 b may be arranged in a linealong the first direction I. The first bonding unit 350 a bonds thesemiconductor chips C to the first substrates P1. The first bonding unit350 a may include a first adhesive supplier 352 a and a first diebonding tool 354 a. The second bonding unit 350 b bonds thesemiconductor chips C to the second substrate P2. The second bondingunit 350 b may include a second adhesive supplier 352 b and a second diebonding tool 354 b. The first and second adhesive suppliers 352 a and352 b and the first and second die bonding tools 354 a and 354 b mayperform substantially the same functions as the first and secondadhesive suppliers 152 a and 152 b and the first and second die bondingtools 154 a and 154 b of FIG. 1. Thus, detailed descriptions of thefirst and second adhesive suppliers 352 a and 352 b and the first andsecond die bonding tools 354 a and 354 b will be omitted. In the presentembodiment, the first and second bonding units 350 a and 350 b may beprovided to the apparatus 300. Alternatively, in other embodiments, onebonding unit may be provided to the apparatus 300. Additionally, in thepresent embodiment, the semiconductor chips may be bonded to thesubstrates using the adhesive. Alternatively, in other embodiments, thesemiconductor chips may be bonded to the substrates using an adhesivetape.

The buffer member 360 may be disposed at a side of the transfer rail310. For example, the buffer member 360 may be disposed on the oppositeside of the first and second bonding units 350 a and 350 b with thetransfer rail 310 as the center. Slots (not shown) receiving the firstand second substrates P1 and P2 may be provided to the buffer member360. A transferring tool 362 may be disposed to be adjacent to thebuffer member 360. The transferring tool 362 loads the first and secondsubstrates P1 and P2, which are loaded by the first and second loadingmembers 320 a and 320 b, into the slots of the buffer member 360.

The apparatus 300 for bonding the semiconductor chip may classify goodsemiconductor chips according to tested grades and bond the classifiedgood semiconductor chips to substrates different from each other,respectively. For the purpose of ease and convenience in explanation,the good semiconductor chips C may be classified into first chips BIN1and second chips BIN2 according to the tested electricalcharacteristics.

The first loader 324 a and the first supply container 322 a are alignedwith the transfer rail 310 by moving the first transfer table 326. Thefirst loader 324 a loads the first substrate P1 disposed in the firstsupply container 322 a onto the shuttle 312 on the transfer rail 310.The transferring tool 362 loads the first substrate P1 loaded on theshuttle 312 into the buffer member 360. The second loader 324 b and thesecond supply container 322 b are aligned with the transfer rail 310 bymoving the first transfer table 326. The second loader 324 b loads thesecond substrate P2 disposed in the second supply container 322 b ontothe shuttle 312 on the transfer rail 310. The transferring tool 362loads the second substrate P2 loaded on the shuttle 312 into the buffermember 360. By the methods described above, a plurality of the firstsubstrates P1 and a plurality of second substrates P2 may be received inthe buffer member 360.

The transferring tool 362 withdraws the first substrate P1 from thebuffer member 360 and then loads the first substrate P1 onto the shuttle312. The transfer gripper 314 moves the shuttle 312 on the transfer rail310 in the first direction I in order to face the shuttle 312 to thefirst adhesive supplier 352 a. The first adhesive supplier 352 asupplies an adhesive on the first substrate P1 loaded in the shuttle312.

The transfer gripper 314 moves the shuttle 312 on the transfer rail 310in the first direction I in order to face the shuttle 312 to the firstdie bonding tool 354 a. The first die bonding tool 354 a picks up thefirst chips BIN1 from the wafer W and moves the first chip BIN1 onto theadhesive on the first substrate P1. And then the first die bonding tool354 a supplies pressure to the first chip BIN1 on the adhesive on thefirst substrate P1 so as to bond the first chips BIN1 to the firstsubstrate P1.

The transfer gripper 314 moves the shuttle 312 on the transfer rail 310in the first direction I. The first unloader 334 a and the firstreceiving container 332 a are aligned with the transfer rail 310 bymoving the second transfer table 336. The first unloader 334 a unloadsthe first substrate P1 having the bonded first chip BIN1 from thetransfer rail 310 and then loads the first substrate P1 into the firstreceiving container 332 a.

The transfer gripper 314 moves the shuttle 312 on the transfer rail 310in a direction opposite to the first direction I, such that the shuttle312 returns to an initial position. The transferring tool 362 withdrawsthe second substrate P2 from the buffer member 360 and then loads thesecond substrate P2 onto the shuttle 312. The transfer gripper 314 movesthe shuttle 312 on the transfer rail 310 in the first direction I inorder to face the shuttle 312 to the second adhesive supplier 352 b. Thesecond adhesive supplier 352 b supplies the adhesive to the secondsubstrate P2 loaded on the shuttle 312.

The transfer gripper 314 moves the shuttle 312 on the transfer rail 310in the first direction I in order to face the shuttle 312 to the seconddie bonding tool 354 b. The second die bonding tool 354 b picks up thesecond chip BIN2 from the wafer W and moves the second chip BIN2 ontothe adhesive on the second substrate P2. And then the second die bondingtool 354 b supplies pressure to the second chip BIN2 on the adhesive onthe second substrate P2 in order to bond the second chip BIN2 to thesecond substrate P2.

The transfer gripper 314 moves the shuttle 312 on the transfer rail 310in the first direction I. The second unloader 334 b and the secondreceiving container 332 b are aligned with the transfer rail 310 bymoving the second transfer table 336. The second unloader 334 b unloadsthe second substrate P2 having the bonded second chip BIN2 and thenloads the second substrate P2 into the second receiving container 332 b.

Sixth Embodiment

FIG. 6 is a plan view illustrating an apparatus 300′ for bonding asemiconductor chip according to some example embodiments. Hereinafter,for the purpose of the ease and convenience in explanation, thedescriptions of the same elements as the apparatus 300 illustrated inFIG. 5 will be omitted or mentioned briefly.

Referring to FIG. 6, the first wafer supply unit 340 supplies a firstwafer W1 including first semiconductor chips C1 and a second wafersupply unit 340′ supplies a second wafer W2 including secondsemiconductor chips C2.

The second wafer supply unit 340′ may include a second wafer cassette342′ and a second tape expander 346′. The second wafer cassette 342′ maybe set on a cassette supporter (not shown). The second wafer W2 isreceived inside the second wafer cassette 342′. The second wafer W2 maybe withdrawn from the second wafer cassette 342′ and then be set on thesecond tape expander 346′ by the transfer robot 344. For easily pickingup the second semiconductor chip C2 disposed on the second wafer W2, thesecond tape expander 346′ may expand a wafer ring R in order to extendan ultraviolet tape for dicing.

The apparatus 300′ for bonding the semiconductor chip may load the samekind of substrates P onto the transfer rail 310 and then the apparatus300′ may stack the first semiconductor chips C1 and the secondsemiconductor chips C2 on the substrates P. This will be described inmore detail.

The first loader 324 a and the first supply container 322 a are alignedwith the transfer rail 310 by the movement of the first transfer table326. The first loader 324 a loads the substrate P disposed in the firstsupply container 322 a onto the shuttle 312 on the transfer rail 310.The transferring tool 362 loads the substrate P loaded on the shuttle312 into the buffer member 360. The second loader 324 b and the secondsupply container 322 b are aligned with the transfer rail 310 by themovement of the first transfer table 326. The second loader 324 b loadsthe substrate P disposed in the second supply container 322 b onto theshuttle 312 on the transfer rail 310. The transferring tool 362 loadsthe substrate P loaded on the shuttle 312 into the buffer member 360. Bythe methods described above, a plurality of the substrates P may bereceived in the buffer member 360.

The transferring tool 362 withdraws the substrate P from the buffermember 360 and then loads the substrate P onto the shuttle 312. Thetransfer gripper 314 moves the shuttle 312 on the transfer rail 310 inthe first direction I in order to face the shuttle 312 to the firstadhesive supplier 352 a. The first adhesive supplier 352 a supplies anadhesive on the substrate P loaded in the shuttle 312.

The transfer gripper 314 moves the shuttle 312 on the transfer rail 310in the first direction I in order to face the shuttle 312 to the firstdie bonding tool 354 a. The first die bonding tool 354 a picks up thefirst semiconductor chip C1 from the first wafer W1 and moves the firstsemiconductor chip C1 onto the adhesive on the substrate P. And then thefirst die bonding tool 354 a supplies pressure to the firstsemiconductor chip C1 on the adhesive on the substrate P so as to bondthe first semiconductor chip C1 to the substrate P.

The transfer gripper 314 moves the shuttle 312 on the transfer rail 310in the first direction I in order to face the shuttle 312 to the secondadhesive supplier 352 b. The second adhesive supplier 352 b supplies theadhesive to the first semiconductor chip C1 disposed on the substrate Ploaded on the shuttle 312.

The transfer gripper 314 moves the shuttle 312 on the transfer rail 310in the first direction I in order to face the shuttle 312 to the seconddie bonding tool 354 b. The second die bonding tool 354 b picks up thesecond semiconductor chip C2 from the second wafer W2 and moves thesecond semiconductor chip C2 onto the adhesive on the firstsemiconductor chip C1. And then the second die bonding tool 354 bsupplies pressure to the second semiconductor chip C2 on the adhesive onthe first semiconductor chip C1 so as to stack the second semiconductorchip C2 on the first semiconductor chip C1.

The transfer gripper 314 moves the shuttle 312 on the transfer rail 310in the first direction I. The first unloader 334 a and the firstreceiving container 332 a are aligned with the transfer rail 310 by themovement of the second transfer table 336. The first unloader 334 aunloads the substrate P having the stacked first and secondsemiconductor chips C1 and C2 from the transfer rail 310 and then loadsthe substrate P into the first receiving container 332 a.

The transfer gripper 314 moves the shuttle 312 on the transfer rail 310in the direction opposite to the first direction I, such that theshuttle 312 returns to an initial position. The transferring tool 362withdraws the substrate P from the buffer member 360 and then loads thesubstrate P onto the shuttle 312. Subsequently, the first and secondsemiconductor chips C1 and C2 are stacked on the substrate P byrepeating the methods described above. The substrate P having thestacked first and second semiconductor chips C1 and C2 may be receivedinto the first receiving container 332 a of the first unloading member330 a or the second receiving container 332 b of the second unloadingmember 330 b.

Meanwhile, the apparatus 300′ for bonding the semiconductor chip mayload different kinds of substrates into the buffer member 360.Subsequently, the apparatus 300′ may selectively load the differentkinds of the substrate on the transfer rail 310. And then the apparatus300′ may classify the first semiconductor chips C1 of the first wafer W1and then bond the classified first semiconductor chips C1 to thedifferent kinds of the substrates, respectively. Additionally, theapparatus 300′ may stack the second semiconductor chips C2 of the secondwafer W2 on the first semiconductor chips C1, thereby formingmulti-stack packages.

According to some example embodiments, packages respectively includingchips with characteristics different from each other may be manufacturedin one apparatus.

Additionally, a process of forming the multi-stack package may besimplified.

Furthermore, productivity of a semiconductor chip bonding process may beimproved.

While example embodiments have been particularly shown and described, itwill be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that variouschanges in form and details may be made therein without departing fromthe spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by thefollowing claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. An apparatus for bonding semiconductor chips, theapparatus comprising: transfer rails configured to transfer substratesfrom a first end of the transfer rails to a second end of the transferrails, and from the second end of the transfer rails to the first end ofthe transfer rails; loading members configured to load the substratesonto the first end of the transfer rails; unloading members configuredto unload the substrates from the first end of the transfer rails; afirst wafer supply unit configured to supply a first wafer includingfirst semiconductor chips; and a bonding unit configured to bond thefirst semiconductor chips to the substrates, on the transfer rails, awayfrom the first end of the transfer rails, wherein, the transfer railsinclude first and second transfer rails, the loading members includefirst and second loading members, the unloading members include firstand second unloading members, the first loading member and the firstunloading member make a first pair, the second loading member and thesecond unloading member make a second pair, the first pair is adjacentto a first end of the first transfer rail, and the second pair isadjacent to a first end of the second transfer rail.
 2. The apparatus ofclaim 1, wherein a second end of the first transfer rail is adjacent toa second end of the second transfer rail.
 3. The apparatus of claim 1,wherein the loading members are further configured to load differentkinds of the substrates onto the first end of the first and secondtransfer rails, wherein the first semiconductor chips are classifiedaccording to characteristics of the first semiconductor chips, andwherein the bonding unit is further configured to bond the classifiedfirst semiconductor chips to the different kinds of the substrates. 4.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the loading members are furtherconfigured to load a same kind of the substrates onto the first end ofthe first and second transfer rails, and wherein when the bonding unitbonds the first semiconductor chips to the substrates loaded on a firstone of the first and second transfer rails, one of the substrates loadedon a second one of the first and second transfer rails is standing byready.
 5. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: a second wafersupply unit configured to supplying a second wafer including secondsemiconductor chips; wherein the loading members are further configuredto load a same kind of the substrates onto the first end of the firstand second transfer rails, and wherein the bonding unit is furtherconfigured to stack the first semiconductor chips and the secondsemiconductor chips on the substrates.
 6. The apparatus of claim 1,further comprising: a second wafer supply unit configured to supplying asecond wafer including second semiconductor chips; wherein the loadingmembers are further configured to load different kinds of the substratesonto the first end of the first and second transfer rails, wherein thefirst semiconductor chips are classified according to characteristics ofthe first semiconductor chips, and wherein the bonding unit is furtherconfigured to bond the classified first semiconductor chips to thedifferent kinds of the substrates, and then the bonding unit is furtherconfigured to bond the second semiconductor chips to the firstsemiconductor chips.
 7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first andsecond transfer rails are continuous from the first end of the first andsecond transfer rails to the second end of the first and second transferrails.
 8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first and secondtransfer rails comprise a pair of parallel transfer rails.
 9. Theapparatus of claim 1, further comprising: a buffer member at one side ofat least one of the first and second transfer rails, the buffer memberconfigured to hold the substrates, wherein the bonding unit furthercomprises first and second bonding units configured to bond the firstsemiconductor chips and second semiconductor chips to the substrates onthe transfer rails, respectively.
 10. The apparatus of claim 9, whereinthe loading members are configured to load different kinds of thesubstrates onto the first and second transfer rails via the buffermember, wherein the first semiconductor chips are classified accordingto characteristics of the first semiconductor chips, and wherein whenthe first bonding unit bonds one of the classified first semiconductorchips to a first kind of the substrates, the buffer member is furtherconfigured to temporarily receive a second kind of the substrates. 11.The apparatus of claim 9, further comprising: wherein the loadingmembers are further configured to load a same kind of the substratesonto the first and second transfer rails via the buffer member, andwherein the first and second bonding units are further configured tostack the first semiconductor chips and the second semiconductor chipson the substrates.
 12. The apparatus of claim 9, further comprising: atransferring tool configured to transfer the substrates from the firstand second transfer rails to the buffer member after the loading of thesubstrates onto the first and second transfer rails, and configured totransfer the substrates from the buffer member to the first and secondtransfer rails after the transferring of the substrates to the buffermember.
 13. An apparatus for bonding semiconductor chips, the apparatuscomprising: first and second transfer rails configured to transfersubstrates; a first loading member configured to load the substratesonto the first transfer rail; a second loading member configured to loadthe substrates onto the second transfer rail; a first unloading memberconfigured to unload the substrates from the first transfer rail; asecond unloading member configured to unload the substrates from thesecond transfer rail; a first wafer supply unit configured to supply afirst wafer including first semiconductor chips; and a bonding unitconfigured to bond the first semiconductor chips to the substrates onthe first and second transfer rails; wherein the first transfer rail andthe second transfer rail are in line with each other, wherein the firstloading member and the first unloading member are near a same end of thefirst transfer rail, and wherein the second loading member and thesecond unloading member are near a same end of the second transfer rail.14. The apparatus of claim 13, further comprising: a second wafer supplyunit configured to supply a second wafer including second semiconductorchips; wherein the bonding unit is further configured to bond the secondsemiconductor chips to the first semiconductor chips.
 15. The apparatusof claim 13, further comprising: a second wafer supply unit configuredto supply a second wafer including second semiconductor chips; whereinthe bonding unit is further configured to stack the first semiconductorchips and the second semiconductor chips on the substrates.
 16. Theapparatus of claim 13, wherein, the bonding unit is configured to bondthe first semiconductor chips to the substrates on the first transferrail near a first end of the first transfer rail, and configured to bondthe first semiconductor chips to the substrates on the second transferrail near a first end of the second transfer rail, the first end of thefirst transfer rail is near the first end of the second transfer rail,the first loading member and the first unloading member are near asecond end of the first transfer rail, and the second loading member andthe second unloading member are near a second end of the second transferrail.
 17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein a direction from the firstend of the first transfer rail to the second end of the first transferrail is a same direction as a direction from the second end of thesecond transfer rail to the first end of the second transfer rail. 18.The apparatus of claim 13, further comprising a buffer member at oneside of at least one of the first and second transfer rails, the buffermember configured to hold the substrates wherein the bonding unitfurther comprises first and second bonding units configured to bond thefirst semiconductor chips and second semiconductor chips to thesubstrates on the first and second transfer rails, respectively.
 19. Theapparatus of claim 18, wherein the first and second loading members areconfigured to load different kinds of the substrates onto the first andsecond transfer rails via the buffer member, wherein the firstsemiconductor chips are classified according to characteristics of thefirst semiconductor chips, and wherein when the first bonding unit bondsone of the classified first semiconductor chips to a first kind of thesubstrates, the buffer member is further configured to temporarilyreceive a second kind of the substrates.
 20. The apparatus of claim 18,further comprising: wherein the first and second loading members arefurther configured to load a same kind of the substrates onto the firstand second transfer rails via the buffer member, and wherein the firstand second bonding units are further configured to stack the firstsemiconductor chips and the second semiconductor chips on thesubstrates.